Lock for concealed-hammer guns



(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. M. HOLLADAY,

LOCK FOR GONOEALED HAMMER GUNS.

No. 365,383. Patented June 28, 1887.

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(No Model.) 7 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. M. HOLLADAY, LOOK FOR GONGEALED HAMMER GUNS.

No. 365,383. Patented June 28, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. HOLLADAY, OF HOLLADAY, VIRGINIA.

LOCK FOR CONCEALED-HAMMER GUNS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 365,383, dated June 28,-1887.

Application filed Ju y 19, 1886.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. HOLLADAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Holladay, in the county of Spottsylvania and State of Virginia, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Concealed Hammer Fire- Arms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of firearms in which the firing mechanism is concealcd within the gunstock, and in which firing-pins are used to explode the charge in lieu of the exposed hammers employed in the ordinary style of sporting-arms.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a lock for concealed-hammer guns, which shall be applicable to either single or double barreled pieces, and one which shall be simple and compact in construction, and at the same time positive in operation and entirely free from accidental operation, such as produces premature discharge of the gun.

A further object of my invention is to produce a look by virtue of which both the operation of breaking down and setting up the barrels shall be utilized in setting the lock for firing, whereby the said operations may be performed with the utmost ease and rapidity.

A still further object of my invention is to produce a lock, the application of which to the fire-arm shall not necessitate the objectionable weakening of the stock and gunframe, heretofore unavoidable in this class of work.

To the above purposes my invention consists in certain peculiar and novel features of construction and arrangement, as hereinafter described and claimed.

I11 order that my invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation and partial section of a double-barreled firearm with my improved lock applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a View similar to that of Fig. 2, but in the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 illustrates several of the parts of the lock in detached position.

In the said drawings, A designates the stock,

and B the double or single barrel, of a sportinggun, the said barrel being hinged at I) to (No model.)

the stock in such manner as to permit the barrel to be broken down and set up for loading and firing, respectively.

A designates the tangs of the gun, and A designates the trigger-guard.

G designates the cocking-lever. D designates the hammers; and E designates a pin upon which said lever and hammers are pivoted. The forwardly-extending arm 0 of the lever O carries at its outer end a pair of laterally-err tending pins or rollers, c, which take into a slot, 7), formed upon alug, 1), extending downward from the rear end of the barrel B. At its rear end the lever G is formed with a pair of laterally-extending lugs, c, which lie close to shoulders (I on hammers D. The lever O is also provided at its rear end with an arm or extension, 0, which extends at right angl es to the arm 0 of said lever, and which, when the barrel or barrels are set up for firing, extends upwardly toward the upper tang A. The purpose of this arm 0 will be hereinafter explained.

F designates a plate which rests upon the upper side of the lower tang A, and which is secured thereto by a screw. f, passing upward through said tang and into the rear' part of said plate. At its forward under part the plate F is provided with a downwardly-er tending lug or stud, f, which enters a recess in the upper part of the lower tang A, and thus prevents any displacement of said plate.

On the upper side of the plate F is formed a' C-shaped projectiomf the curvatu re ofwhich is toward the gun-barrel.

G designates the hammer spring, which is V-shaped, as shown, and the bend of which lies against the curved side of the projection f before described. The two arms of this spring tend to swing away from each other, and the free end of the lower arm presses downward upon the upper side of lugs c on lever 0, while the free end of the upper arm presses upward against a shoulder, d, which is formed 011 the rear edge of each of the hammers D. Each hammer is further provided with a shoulder or projection, d, adapted to of hammers D and throwing said hammers backward to fullcock. At the same time the tension of spring G upon said hammers is somewhat relieved, owing to the recession of the lugs c from beneath the lower arm of said spring G. During this upward movement of the rear end of the barrel the arm 0 of lever 0 moves downward and rearward and operates upon a sliding safety-bar, K, to be hereinafter described.

H H designate two sears or dogs, which are pivoted at it in the upper tang A of the gun. Each of these dogs is approximately L- shaped, and is provided on the outer edge of its shorter arm with a shoulder, h, which en-,

gages at times with one or the other of two shoulders, (1 (1 upon the upper end of-eaeh hammer D. The opposite arm of each dog H is curved outward at its lower extremity, as shown at h and these curved ends of the said dogs rest upon the tops of triggers .T, to be hereinafter described. Each dog H is also provided with a shoulder, 7?, upon the outer edge of its longer arm, and upon these two shoul ders hi bear the lower ends of two sear-springs, t, as shown. These two sear-springs 13, as also a third spring, '5, between the first two, are secured at their upper ends in a transverse slot, a, which is formed in the under side of the upper tang A, and each of said springs i is provided with a tension-regulating screw, i". The middle spring, 1', is also provided with a similar tension-regulating screw, the purpose of said spring being hereinafter eX- plained. It will now be seen that when the hammers are thrown backward by the elevation of the rear end of the barrel, as before described, the shoulders h of the dogs H will engage the shoulders d" of the hammers and retain-them at full-cock when the rear end of the barrel is depressed.

J J designate the two triggers of the lock, each of which is pivoted atj and also provided with the usual finger-pieces, j. The upper part of the body of each trigger is formed with a flat or straight surface,j, upon which the curved end h of the corresponding sear or dog- H is pressed by its sear-spring 13.

K designates the sliding safety-bar before mentioned, said bar working longitudinally in suitable grooves or slots in the frame or tang of the gun, and this bar is provided on each side with two inclined projections, K, and also with a pair of studs, It, as shown, the purpose of which projections will presently appear in connection with the extensions J of the triggers and the safety-cateh,to be hereinafter described. The front end of this safetybar K is turned upward, asat la", to afford a proper bearing for the upper end of the extension O of lever C during the rearward and downward movement of said extension or arm, as previously described. During this rearward and downward movement of the said arm 0 its upper end strikes the forward end, of barK and pushes said bar rearward. The

spring i, before referred to, presses at its lower end upon barK and confines said bar to its required line of travel.

Each of the triggers J is formed with two upwardly-extending divergent arms, J,which extend into contact with the curved projections upon the corresponding sides of bar K, so that as said bar is moved rearward the triggers are set for firing. At each end of each triggerarm J, and upon the outer side of the same, are placed or formed two studs, j", which embrace one of two crank-sections, Z, upon each of two firing-pins, L, so that as the bar K moves backward or rearward a quarter-turn is given axially to the said pins L. At the front part of each pin L is formed a lug, Z, which, when said pin is in its normal position for firing, lies in the path of movement of the corresponding hammer, D. It will now be seen that the purpose of partially rotating the pins Lis to bring their guards or wards into and out of the line of movement of the hammers D. The rear ends of the firingpins L slide and turn in sockets which are formed in swells a on the under side of the upper tang A, and their front ends work similarly in the front of the frame or tangs.

M designates oneof a pair of safety-catchcs, each of which is pivoted at its upper end to one of the swells a of the upper tang A, and which extends downward between the pins k of the safety-bar K. These safety-catches are of such length that when the bar K is moved rearward the lower ends of such catches shall engage the lower ends, if, of sears H and bind thereon, locking the scars, and at the same time also the triggers.

At the rear end of the upper tang A is formed an aperture, a", the sides a a of which are oppositely inclined or beveled, as shown. Through this cavity works a safety-button, N, which is either in the form of a separate piece secured by a rivet to the bar K, as shown in Fig. 1, or aserew threadedinto the rear end of the bar, as shown in Fig. 4, or a projection extending upward from the rear end of the bar, as shown also in Fig. 4. In either of these forms the button N is provided with a base or washer, m, which works upon the inclined surfaces a a of the cavity a in such manner that when the bar K is thrown backward the base or washer shall be concealed; WVhen said safety-bar is pushed forward, the front end of the washer shall be exposed to view above the cavity a and thus indicate that the piece is in readiness for firing. The bar K is moved forward bypressin g the thumb forward upon the button N, so as to move the catch M out of engagement with the end h of scar H, and thereby release the triggers in readiness for firing.

The general operation of the lock is as follows: When the barrel is broken down,which raises its rear end, the cocking-lever is caused to release the lower arms of springs G and throw the hammers back to full-cock. At the IIO same time the extension or arm 0 throws the safety-bar K backward, depressing the triggers and turning the firing-pin wards out of line with the hammers, at the same time the scars H lock the hammers and are in turn locked by the safety-catches M,while the safetybutton is moved into concealed position in cavity a In setting up the barrel for firing the tension of the springs G is renewed and the lock is ready for action upon pushing button N forward, so as to release the scars and triggers for operation. WVhen the trigger or triggers are operated, the firing-pins are partially rotated, so as to bring their wards in the line of movement of the hammers, which deliver the blows upon said wards and drive the firing'pins into the percussion caps, and thus discharge the piece.

XVhile I have shown each trigger as having two arms, J, it is evident that a single arm will operate equally as well. It is also evident that the lock is applicable to both single and double 'barreled pieces, the obvious omission of duplicate parts being all that is required to adapt the lock to single-barreled guns.

The lock is simple and positive in its action, and when locked in safety position does not depend upon springs for maintaining the position of its parts.

The gun may be as readily broken down and setup, or even taken apart, as though no lock had been applied, and the general appearance of the piece is neat and compact. This last result is principally attained by placing the hammers within the stock.

I do not wish to be understood as confining myself exclusively to the precise details of construction hereinbefore described, as various modifications thereof may be made without departing from the essential spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is--- 1. In a safety-lock for concealed-hammer fire-arms, asliding and rotating firing-pin carrying a guard or ward to receive the blow of a hammer, said guard or ward being moved into and out of the path of movement of the hammer in consequence of the rotation of the firingpin, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a sliding and rotaling firing-pin and the trigger ofa concealedhammer fire arm lock, of alongitudinally-sliding bar located within the lock, and an extension from the trigger placed in operative contact with the firing-pin and sliding bar, substantially as described, whereby the move ments of said bar shall set the trigger and slide and rotate the firing-pin substantially in the manner specified.

3. The combination in abreakdown gun, of a spring-actuated hammer having aproj ection below its pivot-point,with a cocking-lever pivoted on the same bar with the hammer, one end extending forward and being connected to the barrel and the other end extending rearward of said pivot and being provided with a lug for engaging said projection on the hammer, whereby the hammer is automatically raised by the breaking down of the gun, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a sliding safetybar, a trigger, a hammer, and a locking-seat having a rearwardly-extending lower end, of a pivoted safety-catch engaged permanently by said bar and thrown into and out of direct engagement with-both the locking-sear and the trigger by theinovements of said locking-bar, substantially as described.

5'. The combination, with the barrel B, pivoted at b to the stock and having the lug b to the rear of said pivot, said lug being provided with a slot, of a hammer and a sliding bar within said stock, said bar having aforwardlyextending arm provided with a pin engaging said slot, having an upwardly-extending arm at its rear end engaging said sliding bar, and also being provided with means for cocking the hammer when the barrel is broken down, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the trigger J, having extension J, provided with pinsj of the sliding safety-bar K, having a curved projec- 95 tion, K, engaged by one of said trigger-extensions, and the firing-pin L, having crank Z, engaged by said pins, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the trigger J, having extension J, provided with pinsj, of the [O0 hammer D and the firing-pin L, having crank Z, engaged by said pins, and lug Z, adapted to be thrown into the path of said hammer, substantially as described.

8. In a gunstock, thecombination, with the I05 tang A, provided with a recess, and a hammer and its operating mechanism within said stock, of the plate F, having a lug, f, at one end adapted to rest in said recess, and a setscrew,f, for removably securing said plate in no position, said plate F. being provided with a seat,f for the hammer-spring, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in r 15 presence of two witnesses.

J NO. M. HOLLADAY.

\Vitnesses:

A. NnLsoN HARRIS, GEO. A. PoINDEx'rER. 

